Complementary Feeding: Current Science and Resources
Organized by the Maternal, Perinatal and Pediatric (MPP) group of the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) with special thanks to Drs. Lynn Ferro, Karen Lindsay, and Stephanie Waldrop for their contributions.
Discussion with esteemed researchers surrounding complementary feeding, recommendations and the science
Featuring:
- Elizabeth Widen, PhD, RD, The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Nutritional Sciences
- Liliane Diab, MD, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition
- Minghua Tang, PhD, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition
Research on Beverages and the Complementary Diet
Abstracts from NUTRITION
- Infant Formula Usage Among Infants and Toddlers, Aged 0–23 Months, in a Convenience Sample, 2019–March 2020
- The Impact of Young Children Formula on the Consumption of Six Food Groups, the Nutrients Intake, As Well as the Growth of Taiwanese Toddlers Aged 1 to 3
- The Impact of Prolonged Breastfeeding on Growth, Development, and Diet Quality Until Age 24 months
Peer-reviewed Research
- Morgan 2010: Red Meat and a Fortified Manufactured Toddler Milk Drink Increase Dietary Zinc Intakes without Affecting Zinc Status of New Zealand Toddlers
- Chen 2023: A longitudinal observational study of skeletal development between ages 3 mo and 6 y in children fed human milk, milk formula, or soy formula
- Wu 2021: Longitudinal associations of fruit juice intake in infancy with DXA-measured abdominal adiposity in mid-childhood and early adolescence
- Dharod 2024: Cyclic Formula Feeding Among Infants Participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
Research on Dietary Patterns in Infants and Children
Abstracts from NUTRITION
- Diet Quality of Children 6 to 24 Months Old in Low-Income Households in the US: Commendations and Concerns
- Animal Source Foods and Infant Dietary Quality
- Body Composition Differs in Infants Consuming Different Protein-Rich Complementary Diets Using Doubly Labeled Water: An Ongoing Randomized Controlled Trial
- Infant Feeding Practices and Diet Quality in the First Year of Life Are Associated With Healthy Eating Index-Toddlers-2020 Scores in the Second Year of Life
- Associations Between Toddlers’ Eating Behaviors and Their Liking and Consumption of Protein-Rich Foods
Peer-reviewed Research
- Dewey 2021: Development of Food PatternRecommendations for Infants and Toddlers 6–24 Months of Age to Support the DietaryGuidelines for Americans, 2020–2025
- Luque 2018: Unhealthy Dietary Patterns Established in Infancy Track to Mid-Childhood: The EU Childhood Obesity Project
- Roess 2018: Food consumption patterns of infants and toddlers: Findings from the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) 2016
- Au 2023: Differences in Infant Diet Quality Index by Race and Ethnicity Predict Differences in Later Diet Quality
- Suaini 2024: Maternal and Infant Dietary Patterns Are Not Related to Food Allergy Risk in Singapore Children: GUSTO Cohort Study
Research on Complementary Feeding Practices
Abstracts from NUTRITION
- Fruits and Vegetable and Other Complementary Feeding Practices Among Infants in Low-Income Households
- Examining Caregiver Decisions to Begin Introduction of Complementary Foods to Infants and Toddlers
- Changes in Norms About Infant and Young Child Feeding in Rural Bangladesh During the Alive & Thrive Initiative
- Factors Associated With Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in Kaduna and Lagos States, Nigeria
- Factors Related to Complementary Feeding in Turkana County, Kenya: A Mixed-Methods Study
- Gender and Complementary Feeding Among Children Under Five Years in an Informal Settlement in Nairobi, Kenya
- Implementing a Multilevel, Multicomponent Intervention to Engage Fathers in Complementary Feeding in Northern Nigeria: Barriers, Facilitators, and Suggestions for Change
- Examining Caregiver Decisions to Begin Introduction of Complementary Foods to Infants and Toddlers
Peer-reviewed Research
- Switowski 2022: Estimated causal effects of complementary feeding behaviors on early childhood diet quality in a US cohort
- Johnson 2022: Making every bite count: best practices for introducing foods during the complementary feeding period
- Cohen 2024: Associations of infant feeding practices with abdominal and hepatic fat measures in childhood in the longitudinal Healthy Start Study
- Chaparro 2021: Differences in Early Childhood Dietary Behaviors by Infant Feeding Type and Sex
Other Complementary Feeding Related Peer Reviewed Research
- Rapson 2022: Starting complementary feeding with vegetables only increases vegetable acceptance at 9 months: a randomized controlled trial
- English 2019: Timing of introduction of complementary foods and beverages and growth, size, and body composition: a systematic review
- Haszard 2024: Contribution of Infant Food Pouches and Other Commercial Infant Foods to the Diets of Infants: A Cross-sectional Study
- Karupaiah 2024: Monitoring commercially available complementary foods for the infant and young child in Southeast Asia: accountability and the way forward
- Blueberry Consumption as a Complementary Food Associated with Increased Serum Levels of Regulatory Cytokine IL-10 and Lower Levels of TH2 Cytokine IL-13 in Breastfed Infants
- Knowledge and Perceptions About Feeding and Growth in Infants and Young Children Among Early Interventionists
Additional Complementary Feeding Resources
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA):
National Association of County & City Health Officials (NACCHO) have published resources on complementary feeding with a cultural lens on Hispanic and on African, Black and Caribbean Heritage Foods:
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